脑血管事故（CVA），通常称为中风，是指脑部的血液供应中断或减少，导致脑组织无法获得氧气和营养。脑细胞在几分钟内开始死亡。中风可能导致严重的长期并发症或死亡。

中风有三种主要类型：
1. 缺血性中风：这是最常见的类型，约占所有中风的87%。发生时，一个血块阻塞或缩窄了通往大脑的动脉，导致血流减少。
2. 出血性中风：这种类型的中风发生时，大脑中的血管破裂，导致大脑内部或周围出血。
3. 短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA）：通常被称为小中风，TIA是一种症状与中风相似的临时性发作。TIA不会造成永久性损害，是由大脑部分区域暂时血供减少引起的。

这些类型的中风需要立即医疗救治，因为早期行动可以最大限度地减少脑损伤并改善预后。

A cerebrovascular accident (CVA), commonly known as a stroke, occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted or reduced, preventing brain tissue from getting oxygen and nutrients. Brain cells begin to die in minutes. Strokes can be devastating and lead to long-term complications or death.

There are three main types of stroke:
1. Ischemic Stroke: This is the most common type, accounting for about 87% of all strokes. It occurs when a blood clot blocks or narrows an artery leading to the brain, causing a reduction in blood flow.
2. Hemorrhagic Stroke: This type occurs when a blood vessel in the brain bursts, leading to bleeding (hemorrhage) in or around the brain.
3. Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): Often called a mini-stroke, a TIA is a temporary period of symptoms similar to those of a stroke. A TIA doesn't cause permanent damage and is caused by a temporary decrease in blood supply to part of the brain.

These types of strokes require immediate medical attention as early action can minimize brain damage and improve outcomes.